Originally published on January 4, 2021, updated on August 7, 2024.
Even though I may not be able to, the architecture using shipping containers It offers endless possibilities and benefits.
Container-based architecture: What is it?
Creativity in architecture is essential for meeting the challenges of today and tomorrow, and container-based architectures They offer nearly infinite possibilities for meeting spatial and functional needs in a highly efficient manner. The idea is to take advantage of the characteristics of a modular, prefabricated component, which is very common in modern architecture, and at the same time give these metal modules—which are mainly used to transport goods—a second life. Those known as “containers”which are used in maritime and rail transport for the safe storage and transport of all kinds of products.".
What Are Containers?
Specifically, when it comes to architecture, we are referring to those cargo containers used in maritime or river transport, land transport (by road or rail), and multimodal transport. And Container Architecture It is constructed using one or more watertight, self-supporting units of these elements, which, due to their original function (they are manufactured in accordance with the ISO standards) have characteristics that make them ideal for human habitation.
The containers are made primarily of Corten steel, but there are also some from galvanized steel, aluminum, and some others made of fiberglass-reinforced plywood. In most cases, The floor is made of wood., although there are already some made of bamboo. Inside, they have a special moisture-resistant coating, to prevent moisture buildup during the trip.
They are sturdy, durable, affordable, easy to transport, adaptable, and sustainable.
The Construction Process for Container Architecture
As with any other scenario, in container-based architecture, the first thing you must do is Create a design and plan for the building or space you want to build. In order to determine how many containers we will need, as well as the labor requirements and timelines involved, it is important to note that, like any construction project, this will be subject to and Technical, urban planning, safety, and accessibility regulations must be complied with. as may be required in each case.
First and foremost, especially if you plan to use stacks taller than one container, you should build a reinforced concrete foundation, on which the containers will later be placed. Next, using the appropriate cranes, the various containers are lifted and secured in place, all in accordance with the previously established design. To facilitate this, it is very helpful to have mounting points at each corner of the container for the twist locks, which allow them to be hooked up to cranes.
Sometimes it is necessary to perform a container reinforcement based on the forces resulting from the calculation of the joint structure.
Advantages of Container-Based Architecture
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The dimensions dictated by their original function give them spatial qualities suitable for habitation with very few changes.
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Since it is a prefabricated component, saves time on project completion since they form a “shell” onto which the other structural elements are fitted.
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They are self-supporting, it is possible to build up to a certain height by installing only localized structural reinforcements.
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They are a sustainable alternative, since using them in architecture gives these materials a second life and reduces their carbon footprint on the environment.
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Since they are reused items It is inexpensive with regard to prefabricated building components.
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They are an excellent option for emergency or temporary structures, since their modular design allows you to create spaces and levels simply by stacking them.
Success Stories of Container-Based Architectures
1. The Bharathi Research Center
The National Center for Ocean Research (NCAOR) is one of India's two active research stations in Antarctica. It was built by the architectural firm Bof Architects, who managed to construct the 2,500-square-meter facility in record time by using shipping containers.
Photograph of the Bharathi Research Center, as an example of container architecture. ArchDaily
2. Stadium 974 for the 2022 World Cup in Qatar:
Located in the West Valley from Doha, this stadium was designed by the firm Fenwick Iribarren to celebrate the World Cup held in Qatar. As its name suggests, the stadium It is constructed from 974 shipping containers that form the ancillary spaces and service areas for the bleachers, and they make it possible to dismantle it and transport it to future locations where a stadium with a capacity of 40,000 spectators is needed, such as the 974.
Photograph of Stadium 974, as an example of container architecture. EFE News Agency
3. The Nightmare House in Costa Rica:
This is a 400-square-meter home built with eight containers, this structure stands as an icon of sustainability by incorporating methods for building envelopes, lighting, and natural ventilation, Solar energy and rainwater harvesting systems, which reduce electricity consumption. It was built by architect María José Trejos in 2013.
Interior photograph of the "Incubo" house, as an example of container architecture. ArchDaily
In summary, we can say that container-based architecture has many more advantages than disadvantages, and endless aesthetic and structural possibilities. The modular unit is the container itself, with nearly 30 square meters of interior space; you can easily make good use of it, not to mention reducing environmental impact what this represents.
They are versatile, sturdy, durable, economical, easy to transport, adaptable, and, above all, sustainable. Using this system It saves a lot of money, time, and energy compared to traditional construction methods. And as professionals in the industry, you surely It should be part of our toolkit to design the spaces and buildings of the future.
