What is a mechanistic organization or mechanical structure?
The mechanical structure is characterized by its rigidity and control. It has a high level of specialization, Very specific and rigid departments, limited information flow (mostly top-down communication), and very little involvement of lower-level employees in decision-making. In addition, are highly formalized.
The form of coordination in this structure It is organized through the implementation of rules and procedures that must be strictly observed and followed. It is, therefore, a relatively inflexible structure that often struggles to coordinate the various departments and their job functions. Compliance with the rules is not focused on achieving objectives but ends up being an end in itself.
Characteristics of Organizational Structures
On the other hand, we find the organizational structures. It is a type of highly adaptive disposition, where changes are not a problem, since they can be implemented as quickly as necessary. The work in this organization is not standardized. This characteristic makes it necessary for the organization to have a workforce with a high level of experience and the ability to handle a wide variety of problems.
They don't require rigid rules and regulations; the mechanism of Direct supervision is practically nonexistent, since the workforce training has already provided them with both standards of conduct and work guidelines.
How to Choose the Organizational Structure That's Right for Us
When it comes to deciding between one type of organization and another, Four variables are considered which we'll look at next:
- Strategy and Structure. The structure chosen for an organization must be aimed at achieving objectives. Flexibility in an organizational structure tends to be effective when the organization seeks to innovate and achieve significant breakthroughs. On the other hand, a mechanistic organization is advisable when the goal is to control costs precisely.
- Size and structure. There is ample evidence that The size of a company or organization has an impact directly in their structure. Large organizations need greater specialization.
- Technology and Structure. Every operation uses some form of technology to convert its inputs into products. The structures are adapted to their technologies depending on how routine their processes are. In general, the more routine the technology, the more mechanistic the structure.
- Uncertainty and Structure. The environment and its stability will also determine which type of structure is most appropriate. In a dynamic and largely unpredictable environment, the organic model is undoubtedly the most suitable. Conversely, in predictable and stable environments, the mechanistic model prevails.
In short, we can say that Both structures have their place. It all depends on the type of organization in question, since, as we have seen, a mechanical structure is very different from an organic one.
Each of them has strengths as well as weaknesses, and it's very important to do a good an analysis of both the organization’s operations and its environment. All of this is done to select the structure that best suits the company’s needs. It is important to note that increasingly global competition and the demand for higher quality and faster delivery are causing the organic model to increasingly prevail over the mechanical model.
